我正在尝试将 REST 框架添加到我现有的项目中。但是，每当我将 'groups' 添加到我的 UserSerializer 类中的 fields 时，我都会得到此回溯:
Environment:
Request Method: GET
Request URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/users/
Django Version: 1.10.7
Python Version: 3.6.3
Installed Applications:
['django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.sites',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'django.contrib.admin',
'crispy_forms',
'allauth',
'allauth.account',
'allauth.socialaccount',
'blended_learning_portal.users.apps.UsersConfig',
'blended_learning_portal.taskapp.celery.CeleryConfig',
'blended_learning_portal.unit.apps.UnitConfig',
'blended_learning_portal.data.apps.DataConfig',
'debug_toolbar',
'django_extensions',
'graphos',
'ckeditor',
'ckeditor_uploader',
'webpack_loader',
'rest_framework']
Installed Middleware:
['django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
'django.middleware.locale.LocaleMiddleware',
'debug_toolbar.middleware.DebugToolbarMiddleware']
Traceback:
File "/home/michael/blportal/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/relations.py" in to_representation
378. url = self.get_url(value, self.view_name, request, format)
File "/home/michael/blportal/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/relations.py" in get_url
316. return self.reverse(view_name, kwargs=kwargs, request=request, format=format)
File "/home/michael/blportal/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/reverse.py" in reverse
50. url = _reverse(viewname, args, kwargs, request, format, **extra)
File "/home/michael/blportal/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/reverse.py" in _reverse
63. url = django_reverse(viewname, args=args, kwargs=kwargs, **extra)
File "/home/michael/blportal/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/urls/base.py" in reverse
91. return force_text(iri_to_uri(resolver._reverse_with_prefix(view, prefix, *args, **kwargs)))
File "/home/michael/blportal/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py" in _reverse_with_prefix
392. (lookup_view_s, args, kwargs, len(patterns), patterns)
During handling of the above exception (Reverse for 'group-detail' with arguments '()' and keyword arguments '{'pk': 2}' not found. 0 pattern(s) tried: []), another exception occurred:
File "/home/michael/blportal/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py" in inner
42. response = get_response(request)
File "/home/michael/blportal/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in _get_response
187. response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)
File "/home/michael/blportal/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in _get_response
185. response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
File "/home/michael/blportal/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/views/decorators/csrf.py" in wrapped_view
58. return view_func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/home/michael/blportal/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/viewsets.py" in view
90. return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/home/michael/blportal/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py" in dispatch
489. response = self.handle_exception(exc)
File "/home/michael/blportal/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py" in handle_exception
449. self.raise_uncaught_exception(exc)
File "/home/michael/blportal/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py" in dispatch
486. response = handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/home/michael/blportal/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/mixins.py" in list
48. return Response(serializer.data)
File "/home/michael/blportal/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py" in data
738. ret = super(ListSerializer, self).data
File "/home/michael/blportal/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py" in data
262. self._data = self.to_representation(self.instance)
File "/home/michael/blportal/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py" in to_representation
656. self.child.to_representation(item) for item in iterable
File "/home/michael/blportal/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py" in <listcomp>
656. self.child.to_representation(item) for item in iterable
File "/home/michael/blportal/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py" in to_representation
500. ret[field.field_name] = field.to_representation(attribute)
File "/home/michael/blportal/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/relations.py" in to_representation
520. for value in iterable
File "/home/michael/blportal/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/relations.py" in <listcomp>
520. for value in iterable
File "/home/michael/blportal/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/relations.py" in to_representation
393. raise ImproperlyConfigured(msg % self.view_name)
Exception Type: ImproperlyConfigured at /api/users/
Exception Value: Could not resolve URL for hyperlinked relationship using view name "group-detail". You may have failed to include the related model in your API, or incorrectly configured the `lookup_field` attribute on this field.
错误似乎来自 UserSerializer，而不是 GroupSerializer。它显然不知道在哪里寻找 group-detail(因为我在命名空间 api_v1 中有它。但是我不确定如何指定它。
api/views.py:
from django.contrib.auth.models import Group
from rest_framework import viewsets
from .serializers import UserSerializer, GroupSerializer
# We're using a modified User model
try:
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
except ImportError: # Django < 1.5
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
else:
User = get_user_model()
class UserViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
"""
API endpoint that allows users to be viewed or edited.
"""
queryset = User.objects.all()
serializer_class = UserSerializer
class GroupViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
"""
API endpoint that allows users to be viewed or edited.
"""
queryset = Group.objects.all()
serializer_class = GroupSerializer
api/serializers.py:
from django.contrib.auth.models import Group
from rest_framework import serializers
try:
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
except ImportError: # Django < 1.5
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
else:
User = get_user_model()
class UserSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
class Meta:
extra_kwargs = {'url': {'view_name': 'api_v1:user-detail'}}
model = User
fields = ('url', 'username', 'email', 'groups')
class GroupSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
class Meta:
extra_kwargs = {'url': {'view_name': 'api_v1:group-detail'}}
model = Group
lookup_field = 'id'
fields = ('url', 'id', 'name')
api/urls.py:
from django.conf.urls import url, include
from rest_framework import routers
from . import views
router = routers.DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'users', views.UserViewSet)
router.register(r'groups', views.GroupViewSet)
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^', include(router.urls)),
]
我希望这只是告诉 Django 在哪里寻找 group-detail 的问题。任何帮助将不胜感激，这让我发疯。
请您参考如下方法:
我想我忽略了您可以为每个字段添加一个 kwarg samespace。我有点傻。无论如何，在我的 serializers.py 中更改它是解决方案:
extra_kwargs = {
'url': {'view_name': 'api_v1:user-detail'},
# Added this line:
'groups': {'view_name': 'api_v1:group-detail'},
}
顺便说一下，这是必要的，因为 rest_framework.routers.DefaultRouter 根本不处理命名空间。参见 this issue在 Git 上。
