我正在尝试使用 urllib 处理 HTTPError。 我的设置是使用 Django 1.10 的 anaconda virtualenv 中的 python3。 当代码得到尝试时，它不会进入 except 并使我的页面崩溃，Django 告诉我有一个 HTTP 错误。
代码如下:
from urllib.request import Request, urlopen
from urllib.error import URLError, HTTPError
try:
req = Request(api.lists.members.get(LIST_ID, client_email))
response = urlopen(req)
except HTTPError as e:
print('Error code: ', e.code)
else:
print('everything is fine')
回溯:
环境:
Request Method: POST
Request URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000/homepage/
Django Version: 1.10
Python Version: 3.6.1
Installed Applications:
['django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'website']
Installed Middleware:
['django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware']
Traceback:
File "/Users/plfiras/anaconda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py" in inner
39. response = get_response(request)
File "/Users/plfiras/anaconda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in _get_response
187. response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)
File "/Users/plfiras/anaconda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in _get_response
185. response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
File "/Users/plfiras/vinhood/vinhood-website/website/views.py" in homepage
52. conn = http.client.HTTPConnection(api.lists.members.get(LIST_ID, client_email))
File "/Users/plfiras/anaconda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/mailchimp3/entities/listmembers.py" in get
116. return self._mc_client._get(url=self._build_path(list_id, 'members', subscriber_hash), **queryparams)
File "/Users/plfiras/anaconda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/mailchimp3/mailchimpclient.py" in wrapper
25. return fn(self, *args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/plfiras/anaconda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/mailchimp3/mailchimpclient.py" in _get
100. r.raise_for_status()
File "/Users/plfiras/anaconda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/requests/models.py" in raise_for_status
928. raise HTTPError(http_error_msg, response=self)
Exception Type: HTTPError at /homepage/
Exception Value: 404 Client Error: Not Found for url: https://us13.api.mailchimp.com/3.0/lists/7bdb42e5c9/members/d071e758df3554f0fe89679212ef95e8
请您参考如下方法:
您捕捉到了错误的异常。查看回溯的最后一行:
File "/Users/plfiras/anaconda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/requests/models.py" in raise_for_status
928. raise HTTPError(http_error_msg, response=self)
看看 requests/models.py 的第 31 行你会看到以下内容:
from .exceptions import (
HTTPError, MissingSchema, InvalidURL, ChunkedEncodingError,
ContentDecodingError, ConnectionError, StreamConsumedError)
如您所见，引发的 HTTPError 实际上来自 requests/exceptions.py .查看文件顶部，您会看到:
from urllib3.exceptions import HTTPError as BaseHTTPError
class RequestException(IOError):
"""There was an ambiguous exception that occurred while handling your
request.
"""
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
"""Initialize RequestException with `request` and `response` objects."""
response = kwargs.pop('response', None)
self.response = response
self.request = kwargs.pop('request', None)
if (response is not None and not self.request and
hasattr(response, 'request')):
self.request = self.response.request
super(RequestException, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
class HTTPError(RequestException):
"""An HTTP error occurred."""
这表明 HTTPError 被导入为 BaseHTTPError，并且请求库实现了它自己的 HTTPError，它不扩展 urlib3.HTTPError。
所以要捕获错误，您需要从请求模块导入 HTTPError，而不是 urlib，如下所示:
from requests.exceptions import HTTPError
try:
req = Request(api.lists.members.get(LIST_ID, client_email))
response = urlopen(req)
except HTTPError as e:
print('Error code: ', e.code)
else:
print('everything is fine')
