我刚刚制作了一个小 flask 应用程序，它在本地工作，但是当我尝试将它推送到 heroku 时，在提供静态 HTML 时出现了一些问题( self 诊断，当我让 flask 只返回文本而不是静态 html 文件时一切都按预期工作。)
我试着按照这个指南.. https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/getting-started-with-python 这是我目录中的 LS
Procfile account.pyc base.pyc requirements.txt venv
account.py base.py home.html templates
这里是一些相关文件的代码。
需求.txt
Flask==0.10.1
Jinja2==2.7.1
MarkupSafe==0.18
Werkzeug==0.9.4
gunicorn==18.0
heroku==0.1.4
httplib2==0.8
itsdangerous==0.23
oauth2==1.5.211
python-dateutil==1.5
requests==2.0.0
wsgiref==0.1.2
混帐
venv
*.pyc
简介
web: gunicorn base:app
account.py(从我的股票经纪人那里获取数据的东西)
token = oauth.Token(key=_ACCESS_TOKEN_, secret=_ACCESS_TOKEN_SECRET_)
consumer = oauth.Consumer(key=_CONSUMER_KEY_, secret=_CONSUMER_SECRET_)
request_holdings_url = "%s/accounts/%s/holdings.json" % (_BASE_URL_, _ACCOUNT_NUMBER_)
request_values_url = "%s/market/ext/quotes.xml?" % _BASE_URL_
#creating the client
client = oauth.Client(consumer, token=token)
#making the request via the client
stocksym = {}
def urlquery():
# get all of my tradeking info
resp, content = client.request(request_holdings_url, "GET")
content = json.loads(content)
return content
def getstocksym(json):
# returns the holdings under my TK acct
allholdings = json[u"response"][u"accountholdings"][u"holding"]
for stock in allholdings:
sym = stock[u"instrument"][u"sym"]
stocksym.update({sym: 0})
return stocksym
def stockvalue(stocks):
# returns a dictionary with stock: price: change:
stockvalues = {}
for stock in stocks:
resp, content = client.request("https://api.tradeking.com/v1/market/ext/quotes.json?symbols=%s" % stock, "GET")
content = json.loads(content)
change = content[u"response"][u"quotes"][u"quote"][u"chg_sign"]
price = content[u"response"][u"quotes"][u"quote"][u"ask"]
stockvalues.update({stock: {'price':price, 'change':change}})
return stockvalues
def parsevalues(stockvalues):
#parses library, returns whether or not a stock in the dictionary is changing, and what price it is.
values = []
for stock in stockvalues:
price = stockvalues[stock][u"price"]
if stockvalues[stock][u"change"] == 'u':
return "%s is going up! and the price is: %s" % (stock, price)
elif stockvalues[stock][u"change"] == 'd':
return "%s is going down! and the price is %s" % (stock, price)
if __name__ == "__main__":
parsevalues(stockvalue(getstocksym(urlquery())))
基础.py
from flask import Flask, jsonify, render_template
import account
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route("/")
def home():
values = account.stockvalue(account.getstocksym(account.urlquery()))
json = jsonify(values)
json = values
return render_template('home.html', json=json)
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.run()
主页.html
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<title>
stock app!
</title>
</head>
<body>
<ul>
{% for stock, attr in json.iteritems() %}
<li>
{{ stock }} - {{attr.price}} <div style="display: inline-block; width: 10px; height: 10px; border-radius: 5px; background-color: {% if attr. change == 'u' %} green {% else %} red {% endif %}"></div>
</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
</body>
</html>
应用程序现在在本地成功运行，并由工头启动。
(venv)Eriks-MacBook-Pro:stockheroku erikmingo$ foreman start
17:57:31 web.1 | started with pid 752
17:57:32 web.1 | 2013-10-21 17:57:32 [752] [INFO] Starting gunicorn 18.0
17:57:32 web.1 | 2013-10-21 17:57:32 [752] [INFO] Listening at: http://0.0.0.0:5000 (752)
17:57:32 web.1 | 2013-10-21 17:57:32 [752] [INFO] Using worker: sync
17:57:32 web.1 | 2013-10-21 17:57:32 [755] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 755
所以此时我运行:
git add .
git commit -m "this works locally, maybe it will work on heroku!"
git push heroku master
还给我这个:
Counting objects: 9, done.
Delta compression using up to 2 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (5/5), done.
Writing objects: 100% (5/5), 463 bytes, done.
Total 5 (delta 3), reused 0 (delta 0)
-----> Python app detected
-----> No runtime.txt provided; assuming python-2.7.4.
-----> Using Python runtime (python-2.7.4)
-----> Installing dependencies using Pip (1.3.1)
Cleaning up...
-----> Discovering process types
Procfile declares types -> web
-----> Compiled slug size: 29.5MB
-----> Launching... done, v28
http://still-fortress-2740.herokuapp.com deployed to Heroku
To git@heroku.com:still-fortress-2740.git
34025ca..ecba67c master -> master
当我输入 heroku open 时，出现 500 错误。
这是 heroku 日志:
2013-10-22T01:26:32.722581+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path=/ host=still-fortress-2740.herokuapp.com fwd="67.176.81.118" dyno=web.1 connect=1ms service=30ms status=500 bytes=135
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723565+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1403, in handle_exception
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723565+00:00 app[web.1]: reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723806+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1817, in wsgi_app
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723806+00:00 app[web.1]: response = self.full_dispatch_request()
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723806+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1477, in full_dispatch_request
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723806+00:00 app[web.1]: rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723806+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1381, in handle_user_exception
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723806+00:00 app[web.1]: reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723806+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1475, in full_dispatch_request
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723806+00:00 app[web.1]: rv = self.dispatch_request()
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723806+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1461, in dispatch_request
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723806+00:00 app[web.1]: return self.view_functions[rule.endpoint](**req.view_args)
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723983+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/base.py", line 8, in home
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723983+00:00 app[web.1]: values = account.stockvalue(account.getstocksym(account.urlquery()))
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723983+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/account.py", line 28, in urlquery
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723983+00:00 app[web.1]: resp, content = client.request(request_holdings_url, "GET")
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723983+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/oauth2/__init__.py", line 682, in request
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723983+00:00 app[web.1]: connection_type=connection_type)
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723983+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/httplib2/__init__.py", line 1570, in request
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723983+00:00 app[web.1]: (response, content) = self._request(conn, authority, uri, request_uri, method, body, headers, redirections, cachekey)
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723983+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/httplib2/__init__.py", line 1317, in _request
2013-10-22T01:26:32.723983+00:00 app[web.1]: (response, content) = self._conn_request(conn, request_uri, method, body, headers)
2013-10-22T01:26:32.724435+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/httplib2/__init__.py", line 1252, in _conn_request
2013-10-22T01:26:32.724435+00:00 app[web.1]: conn.connect()
2013-10-22T01:26:32.724435+00:00 app[web.1]: File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/httplib2/__init__.py", line 1044, in connect
2013-10-22T01:26:32.724435+00:00 app[web.1]: raise SSLHandshakeError(e)
2013-10-22T01:26:32.724435+00:00 app[web.1]: SSLHandshakeError: [Errno 1] _ssl.c:504: error:14090086:SSL routines:SSL3_GET_SERVER_CERTIFICATE:certificate verify failed
这是我在 stackoverlow 上的第一篇帖子，我尽力遵循发帖指南。让我知道您是否有任何其他信息会有所帮助...就像我上面提到的，当我将“/”路由的返回更改为一个字符串时，该应用程序可以在 heroku 上运行。
提前致谢!
编辑:看来问题出在我的 API 调用上……Heroku 说这是错误的 SSL 握手之类的……但这到底意味着什么？它肯定在我的 account.py 文件中，但我不确定是什么。
请您参考如下方法:
account 模块一定有问题。当我像这样创建虚拟 account 时:
def stockvalue(foo):
return {'foo': 'bar'}
def getstocksym(foo):
return None
def urlquery():
return None
一切顺利。
编辑
尝试用这个替换 home 看看你会得到什么:
@app.route("/")
def home():
try:
values = account.stockvalue(account.getstocksym(account.urlquery()))
except Exception as e:
return jsonify({"error": str(e)})
return jsonify(values)
或者更好的是在 app = Flask(__name__) 之后添加 app.config['DEBUG'] = True。不要忘记在生产中删除它。虽然它对调试很有用，但并不是很安全
另一个编辑
您似乎遇到了缺少证书的问题。它应该有助于:
- 从 curl 站点下载证书:http://curl.haxx.se/ca/cacert.pem
- 将
cacert.pem复制到您应用的根目录(account.py所在的位置) git add .- 修改
account.py
import os
import oauth2 as oauth
# Other imports
token = oauth.Token(key=_ACCESS_TOKEN_, secret=_ACCESS_TOKEN_SECRET_)
consumer = oauth.Consumer(key=_CONSUMER_KEY_, secret=_CONSUMER_SECRET_)
request_holdings_url = "%s/accounts/%s/holdings.json" % (_BASE_URL_, _ACCOUNT_NUMBER_)
request_values_url = "%s/market/ext/quotes.xml?" % _BASE_URL_
#creating the client
client = oauth.Client(consumer, token=token)
client.ca_certs = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'cacert.pem')
#Rest of your code
...
提交并推送到 Heroku。
