我一直在使用 testbed、webtest 和 nose 来测试我的 Python GAE 应用程序,这是一个很棒的设置。我现在正在实现类似于 Nick's great example of using the deferred library 的东西,但我想不出一个好的方法来测试由 DeadlineExceededError 触发的代码部分。
由于这是在任务队列的上下文中,构建一个运行时间超过 10 分钟的测试会很痛苦。有没有办法临时把taskqueue的时限设置成几秒来测试一下?或者也许可以通过其他方式优雅地测试 except DeadlineExceededError block 中代码的执行情况?
请您参考如下方法:
为您的代码抽象“GAE 上下文”。在生产中为测试提供真正的“GAE 实现”提供一个模拟自己的将引发 DeadlineExceededError。测试不应该依赖于任何超时,应该很快。
示例抽象(只是胶水):
class AbstractGAETaskContext(object):
def task_spired(): pass # this will throw exception in mock impl
# here you define any method that you call into GAE, to be mocked
def defered(...): pass
如果你不喜欢抽象,你可以只做测试用的猴子补丁,你也需要定义 task_expired 函数作为你测试的钩子(Hook)。 task_expired 应该在你的任务实现函数中被调用。
*已更新*这是第三个解决方案:
首先我想提一下 Nick's sample implementation不是很好,Mapper 类有很多职责(延迟、查询数据、批量更新);这使得测试很难进行,需要定义很多模拟。所以我将延迟责任提取到一个单独的类中。 您只想测试延迟机制,实际发生的事情(更新、查询等)应该在其他测试中处理。
这是递延类,也不再依赖于 GAE:
class DeferredCall(object):
def __init__(self, deferred):
self.deferred = deferred
def run(self, long_execution_call, context, *args, **kwargs):
''' long_execution_call should return a tuple that tell us how was terminate operation, with timeout and the context where was abandoned '''
next_context, timeouted = long_execution_call(context, *args, **kwargs)
if timeouted:
self.deferred(self.run, next_context, *args, **kwargs)
这是测试模块:
class Test(unittest.TestCase):
def test_defer(self):
calls = []
def mock_deferrer(callback, *args, **kwargs):
calls.append((callback, args, kwargs))
def interrupted(self, context):
return "new_context", True
d = DeferredCall()
d.run(interrupted, "init_context")
self.assertEquals(1, len(calls), 'a deferred call should be')
def test_no_defer(self):
calls = []
def mock_deferrer(callback, *args, **kwargs):
calls.append((callback, args, kwargs))
def completed(self, context):
return None, False
d = DeferredCall()
d.run(completed, "init_context")
self.assertEquals(0, len(calls), 'no deferred call should be')
Nick 的 Mapper 实现看起来如何:
class Mapper:
...
def _continue(self, start_key, batch_size):
... # here is same code, nothing was changed
except DeadlineExceededError:
# Write any unfinished updates to the datastore.
self._batch_write()
# Queue a new task to pick up where we left off.
##deferred.defer(self._continue, start_key, batch_size)
return start_key, True ## make compatible with DeferredCall
self.finish()
return None, False ## make it comaptible with DeferredCall
runner = _continue
注册长时间运行任务的代码;这仅取决于 GAE 延迟库。
import DeferredCall
import PersonMapper # this inherits the Mapper
from google.appengine.ext import deferred
mapper = PersonMapper()
DeferredCall(deferred).run(mapper.run)
