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python之404页10次后如何停止Scrapy抓取

2025年05月04日15Renyi-Fan

我有一个在两个数字之间抓取页面的项目。我的蜘蛛在下面。它从一个数字开始到另一个数字,然后在这些页面之间抓取。

我想让它在连续 10 个 404 页后停止。但无论如何它都必须保存 CSV 直到停止位置。

额外:是否可以让它把它停止的数字写入另一个文本文件?

这是我的示例日志:

2017-01-25 19:57:25 [scrapy.core.scraper] DEBUG: Scraped from <200 https://domain.com/entry/65848514> 
{'basligi': [u'murat boz'], 
 'entry': [u'<a href=https://domain.com/entry/65848514'], 
 'favori': [u'0'], 
 'yazari': [u'thrones']} 
2017-01-25 19:57:25 [scrapy.core.scraper] DEBUG: Scraped from <200 https://domain.com/entry/65848520> 
{'basligi': [u'fatih portakal'], 
 'entry': [u'<a href=https://domain.com/entry/65848520'], 
 'favori': [u'0'], 
 'yazari': [u'agamustaf']} 
2017-01-25 19:57:26 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET https://domain.com/entry/65848525> (referer: None) 
2017-01-25 19:57:26 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (404) <GET https://domain.com/entry/65848528> (referer: None) 
2017-01-25 19:57:26 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (404) <GET https://domain.com/entry/65848529> (referer: None) 
2017-01-25 19:57:26 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (404) <GET https://domain.com/entry/65848527> (referer: None) 

还有我的蜘蛛:

from scrapy.spider import BaseSpider 
from scrapy.selector import HtmlXPathSelector 
from scrapy.selector import Selector 
from project.items import ProjectItem 
from scrapy import Request 
 
class MySpider(BaseSpider): 
    name = "project" 
    allowed_domains = ["domain.com"] 
    start_urls = ["https://domain.com/entry/%d" % i for i in range(65848505,75848535)] 
 
 
def parse(self, response): 
 
    titles = HtmlXPathSelector(response).select('//li') 
    for title in titles: 
        item = ProjectItem() 
        item['favori'] = title.select("//*[@id='entry-list']/li/@data-favorite-count").extract() 
        item['entry'] = ['<a href=https://domain.com%s'%a for a in title.select("//*[@class='entry-date permalink']/@href").extract()] 
        item['yazari'] = title.select("//*[@id='entry-list']/li/@data-author").extract() 
        item['basligi'] = title.select("//*[@id='topic']/h1/@data-title").extract() 
 
        return item 

请您参考如下方法:

有很多方法可以做到这一点,最简单的方法可能是用回调捕获 404 错误,计算它们并在特定条件下引发 CloseSpider 异常。例如:

from scrapy.spider import BaseSpider 
from scrapy.selector import HtmlXPathSelector 
from scrapy.selector import Selector 
from project.items import ProjectItem 
from scrapy import Request 
from scrapy.exceptions import CloseSpider 
 
class MySpider(BaseSpider): 
    name = "project" 
    allowed_domains = ["domain.com"] 
    start_urls = ["https://domain.com/entry/%d" % i for i in range(65848505,75848535)] 
    handle_httpstatus_list = [404] # to catch 404 with callback 
    count_404 = 0 
 
 
    def parse(self, response): 
        if response.status == 404: 
            self.count_404 += 1 
            if self.count_404 == 10: 
                # stop spider on condition 
                raise CloseSpider('Number of 404 errors exceeded') 
            return None 
        else: 
            self.count_404 = 0 
        titles = HtmlXPathSelector(response).select('//li') 
        for title in titles: 
            item = ProjectItem() 
            item['favori'] = title.select("//*[@id='entry-list']/li/@data-favorite-count").extract() 
            item['entry'] = ['<a href=https://domain.com%s'%a for a in title.select("//*[@class='entry-date permalink']/@href").extract()] 
            item['yazari'] = title.select("//*[@id='entry-list']/li/@data-author").extract() 
            item['basligi'] = title.select("//*[@id='topic']/h1/@data-title").extract() 
 
            return item 

更优雅的解决方案是编写自定义下载器中间件来处理这种情况。

P.S.: Left start_urls 因为它在问题中,但是生成 10 000 000 个链接的列表并将其保存在内存中是极大的开销,您应该为 start_urls 使用任一生成器 或覆盖 start_requests。