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python之Django haystack+呼呼错误

2025年05月04日24TianFang

我正在尝试在我的 django 应用程序 中进行搜索，然后我使用了 haystack和 whoosh 但我遇到了一些麻烦。首先，当我尝试 rebuild_index 或 update_index 时，它在下面给我这个错误，第二个是当我输入和搜索时，它给了我 0 个结果。所以我只是想，如果这个 rebuild_index 修复了，搜索问题就会得到解决。请任何人帮助我

错误:

/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py:903: RuntimeWarning: DateTimeField Subtitle.pub_date received a naive datetime (2014-03-27 16:36:44.341555) while time zone support is active. 
  RuntimeWarning) 
 
Indexing 14 Subtitles 
ERROR:root:Error updating sub using default  
Traceback (most recent call last): 
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/haystack/management/commands/update_index.py", line 221, in handle_label 
    self.update_backend(label, using) 
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/haystack/management/commands/update_index.py", line 267, in update_backend 
    do_update(backend, index, qs, start, end, total, self.verbosity) 
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/haystack/management/commands/update_index.py", line 89, in do_update 
    backend.update(index, current_qs) 
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/haystack/backends/whoosh_backend.py", line 179, in update 
    doc = index.full_prepare(obj) 
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/haystack/indexes.py", line 204, in full_prepare 
    self.prepared_data = self.prepare(obj) 
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/haystack/indexes.py", line 195, in prepare 
    self.prepared_data[field.index_fieldname] = field.prepare(obj) 
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/haystack/fields.py", line 99, in prepare 
    raise SearchFieldError("The model '%s' has an empty model_attr '%s' and doesn't allow a default or null value." % (repr(obj), attr)) 
SearchFieldError: The model '<Subtitle: 3 idiots>' has an empty model_attr 'pub_date' and doesn't allow a default or null value. 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
  File "./manage.py", line 10, in <module> 
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv) 
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 399, in execute_from_command_line 
    utility.execute() 
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 392, in execute 
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv) 
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 242, in run_from_argv 
    self.execute(*args, **options.__dict__) 
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 285, in execute 
    output = self.handle(*args, **options) 
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/haystack/management/commands/rebuild_index.py", line 16, in handle 
    call_command('update_index', **options) 
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 159, in call_command 
    return klass.execute(*args, **defaults) 
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 285, in execute 
    output = self.handle(*args, **options) 
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/haystack/management/commands/update_index.py", line 195, in handle 
    return super(Command, self).handle(*items, **options) 
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 385, in handle 
    label_output = self.handle_label(label, **options) 
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/haystack/management/commands/update_index.py", line 221, in handle_label 
    self.update_backend(label, using) 
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/haystack/management/commands/update_index.py", line 267, in update_backend 
    do_update(backend, index, qs, start, end, total, self.verbosity) 
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/haystack/management/commands/update_index.py", line 89, in do_update 
    backend.update(index, current_qs) 
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/haystack/backends/whoosh_backend.py", line 179, in update 
    doc = index.full_prepare(obj) 
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/haystack/indexes.py", line 204, in full_prepare 
    self.prepared_data = self.prepare(obj) 
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/haystack/indexes.py", line 195, in prepare 
    self.prepared_data[field.index_fieldname] = field.prepare(obj) 
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/haystack/fields.py", line 99, in prepare 
    raise SearchFieldError("The model '%s' has an empty model_attr '%s' and doesn't allow a default or null value." % (repr(obj), attr)) 
haystack.exceptions.SearchFieldError: The model '<Subtitle: 3 idiots>' has an empty model_attr 'pub_date' and doesn't allow a default or null value.

我的 models.py 是

class Movies(models.Model): 
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100) 
    poster = models.FileField(upload_to="posters/") 
    date = models.CharField(max_length=4) 
    director = models.CharField(max_length=30, blank=True, null=True) 
    actors = models.CharField(max_length=360, blank=True, null=True) 
    music = models.CharField(max_length=200, blank=True, null=True) 
    company = models.CharField(max_length=200, blank=True, null=True) 
 
    def __unicode__(self): 
        return unicode(self.name) 
 
    class Meta: 
        verbose_name_plural = 'Movies' 
 
 
class Subtitle(models.Model): 
    name=models.ForeignKey(Movies, related_name="subtitles") 
    extension=models.CharField(max_length=5, choices=sub_choices) 
    upload=models.FileField(upload_to="subtitles/%Y/%m/%d/") 
    user=models.ForeignKey(User) 
    pub_date=models.DateTimeField('published', default='') 
    def __unicode__(self): 
        return unicode(self.name) 
 
    class Meta: 
        verbose_name_plural = 'Subtitles'

我的views.py是

def Subtitle_search(request): 
    form = SubtitlesSearchForm(request.GET) 
    results = form.search() 
 
    return render(request, 'search/search.html', { 
        'search_query':search_query, 
        'subtitles':results, 
        })

search_index.py in app folder/* 放在我的app文件夹里对吗？ */

class SubtitleIndex(indexes.SearchIndex, indexes.Indexable): 
    text = indexes.CharField(document=True, use_template=True) 
    name = indexes.CharField(model_attr='user') 
    pub_date = indexes.DateTimeField(model_attr='pub_date') 
 
    def get_model(self): 
        return Subtitle 
 
    def index_queryset(self, using=None): 
        return self.get_model().objects.filter(pub_date__lte=datetime.datetime.now())

和forms.py 
class SubtitlesSearchForm(SearchForm): 
 
    def no_query_found(self): 
        return self.searchqueryset.all() 
 
    def search(self): 
        # First, store the SearchQuerySet received from other processing. (the main work is run internally by Haystack here). 
        sqs = super(SubtitleSearchForm, self).search() 
 
        # if something goes wrong 
        if not self.is_valid(): 
            return self.no_query_found() 
 
        # you can then adjust the search results and ask for instance to order the results by title 
        sqs = sqs.order_by(name) 
 
        return sqs

templates/search/search.html

{% extends 'index.html' %} 
 
{% block content %} 
<div class="row"> 
    <h2>Search</h2> 
 
    <form method="get" action="."> 
        <table> 
            {{ form.as_table }} 
            <tr> 
                <td>&nbsp;</td> 
                <td> 
                    <input type="submit" value="Search"> 
                </td> 
            </tr> 
        </table> 
 
        {% if query %} 
                <h3 class="results">Results</h3> 
 
            {% for result in page.object_list %} 
                <p> 
                    <a href="{{ result.object.get_absolute_url }}">{{ result.object.title }}</a> 
                </p> 
            {% empty %} 
                <p>No results found.</p> 
            {% endfor %} 
 
            {% if page.has_previous or page.has_next %} 
                <div> 
                    {% if page.has_previous %}<a href="?q={{ query }}&amp;page={{ page.previous_page_number }}">{% endif %}&laquo; Previous{% if page.has_previous %}</a>{% endif %} 
                    | 
                    {% if page.has_next %}<a href="?q={{ query }}&amp;page={{ page.next_page_number }}">{% endif %}Next &raquo;{% if page.has_next %}</a>{% endif %} 
                </div> 
            {% endif %} 
        {% else %} 
            {# Show some example queries to run, maybe query syntax, something else? #} 
        {% endif %} 
    </form> 
    </div> 
{% endblock %}

最终是 templates/search/indexes/sub/subtitle_text.txt

{{ object.name }}

请您参考如下方法:

你的错误是:

haystack.exceptions.SearchFieldError: The model '<Subtitle: 3 idiots>' has an empty model_attr 'pub_date' and doesn't allow a default or null value.

Haystack 说 pub_date 字段对于特定模型为 null，但您没有指定 pub_date 字段可以为 null。

您可以通过设置 null=True 告诉 haystack pub_date 字段可以为空来解决此问题，如下所示:

class SubtitleIndex(indexes.SearchIndex, indexes.Indexable): 
    ... 
    pub_date = indexes.DateTimeField(model_attr='pub_date', null=True)


  文章来源：
  https://blog.windname.com/post/abhgji2b1.html
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