多线程程序访问数据时出错。
Exception in thread Thread-2:
ProgrammingError: (2014, "Commands out of sync; you can't run this command now")
Exception in thread Thread-3:
ProgrammingError: execute() first
请您参考如下方法:
根据 PEP 249 , 数据访问模块有一个模块级常量 threadsafety:
Integer constant stating the level of thread safety the interface supports. Possible values are:
0 Threads may not share the module.
1 Threads may share the module, but not connections.
2 Threads may share the module and connections.
3 Threads may share the module, connections and cursors.Sharing in the above context means that two threads may use a resource without wrapping it using a mutex semaphore to implement resource locking. Note that you cannot always make external resources thread safe by managing access using a mutex: the resource may rely on global variables or other external sources that are beyond your control.
根据 MySQLdb User's Guide ，该模块支持级别 1。
The MySQL protocol can not handle multiple threads using the same connection at once. Some earlier versions of MySQLdb utilized locking to achieve a threadsafety of 2. While this is not terribly hard to accomplish using the standard Cursor class (which uses mysql_store_result()), it is complicated by SSCursor (which uses mysql_use_result(); with the latter you must ensure all the rows have been read before another query can be executed. It is further complicated by the addition of transactions, since transactions start when a cursor execute a query, but end when COMMIT or ROLLBACK is executed by the Connection object. Two threads simply cannot share a connection while a transaction is in progress, in addition to not being able to share it during query execution. This excessively complicated the code to the point where it just isn't worth it.
The general upshot of this is: Don't share connections between threads. It's really not worth your effort or mine, and in the end, will probably hurt performance, since the MySQL server runs a separate thread for each connection. You can certainly do things like cache connections in a pool, and give those connections to one thread at a time. If you let two threads use a connection simultaneously, the MySQL client library will probably upchuck and die. You have been warned.
