我使用 POST 请求在 Python 中编写了一些代码以从网页中获取特定数据。但是，当我运行它时，除了一个空白的控制台外，我什么也得不到。我尝试相应地填写请求参数。也许，我没有注意到参数中应该包含哪些内容。我正在处理的页面在其右侧面板中包含多个图像。单击图像时，我在这里谈论的请求将发送到服务器并带回结果并在其下方显示有关其风格的新信息。我的目标是解析与每个图像相关的所有口味。无论如何，我正在尝试附加所有必要的东西以找出我所缺少的东西。提前致谢。
这是我从 chrome 开发者工具中得到的用于准备 POST 请求的内容:
===================================================================================
General:
Request URL:https://www.optigura.com/product/ajax/details.php
Request Method:POST
Status Code:200 OK
Response Headers:
Cache-Control:no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate
Cache-Control:max-age=0, no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate
Connection:Keep-Alive
Content-Encoding:gzip
Content-Length:782
Content-Type:text/html; charset=utf-8
Request Headers:
Accept:application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01
Accept-Encoding:gzip, deflate, br
Accept-Language:en-US,en;q=0.8
Connection:keep-alive
Content-Length:34
Content-Type:application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Cookie:OGSESSID=s1qqd0euokbfrdub9pf2efubh1; _ga=GA1.2.449310094.1501502802; _gid=GA1.2.791686763.1501502802; _gat=1; __atuvc=1%7C31; __atuvs=597f1d5241db0352000; beyable-TrackingId=499b4c5b-2939-479b-aaf0-e5cd79f078cc; aaaaaaaaa066e9a68e5654b829144016246e1a736=d5758131-71db-41e1-846d-6d719d381060.1501502805122.1501502805122.$bey$https%3a%2f%2fwww.optigura.com%2fuk%2fproduct%2fgold-standard-100-whey%2f$bey$1; aaaaaaaaa066e9a68e5654b829144016246e1a736_cs=; aaaaaaaaa066e9a68e5654b829144016246e1a736_v=1.1.0; checkloc-uk=n
Host:www.optigura.com
Origin:https://www.optigura.com
Referer:https://www.optigura.com/uk/product/gold-standard-100-whey/
User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/59.0.3071.115 Safari/537.36
X-Requested-With:XMLHttpRequest
Form Data:
opt:flavor
opt1:207
opt2:47
ip:105
=======================================================================================
这是我正在尝试的:
import requests
from lxml import html
payload = {"opt":"flavor","opt1":"207","opt2":"47","ip":"105"}
headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.81 Safari/537.36'}
response = requests.post("https://www.optigura.com/product/ajax/details.php", params = payload, headers = headers).text
print(response)
这是网页的原始链接: https://www.optigura.com/uk/product/gold-standard-100-whey/
请您参考如下方法:
您不是在 POST 正文中发送值，params 设置 URL 查询参数。使用 data 代替:
response = requests.post(
"https://www.optigura.com/product/ajax/details.php",
data=payload,
headers=headers)
您可能需要设置引荐来源 header (将 'Referer': 'https://www.optigura.com/uk/product/gold-standard-100-whey/' 添加到您的headers 字典)，并使用 session object捕获和管理 cookie(首先向 https://www.optigura.com/uk/product/gold-standard-100-whey/ 发出 GET 请求)。
通过一些试验，我注意到该站点还要求在响应内容之前设置 X-Requested-With header 。
以下作品:
with requests.session():
session.get('https://www.optigura.com/uk/product/gold-standard-100-whey/')
headers = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.81 Safari/537.36',
'Referer': 'https://www.optigura.com/uk/product/gold-standard-100-whey/',
'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest'
}
response = session.post(
"https://www.optigura.com/product/ajax/details.php",
data=payload, headers=headers)
响应以 JSON 数据的形式出现:
data = response.json()
