我在计算大型 Numpy 数组时遇到了奇怪的结果。
A=np.matrix('1 2 3;3 4 7;8 9 6')
A=([[1, 2, 3],
[3, 4, 7],
[8, 9, 6]])
A * A 按预期完成点积:
A*A=([[ 31, 37, 35],
[ 71, 85, 79],
[ 83, 106, 123]])
但是对于更大的矩阵 200X200,我得到不同的响应:
B=np.random.random_integers(0,10,(n,n))
B=array([[ 2, 0, 6, ..., 7, 3, 7],
[ 4, 9, 1, ..., 6, 7, 5],
[ 3, 1, 8, ..., 7, 3, 8],
...,
[ 8, 4, 10, ..., 5, 4, 4],
[ 6, 6, 3, ..., 7, 2, 9],
[ 2, 10, 10, ..., 5, 7, 4]])
现在用 B 乘以 B
B*B
array([[ 4, 0, 36, ..., 49, 9, 49],
[ 16, 81, 1, ..., 36, 49, 25],
[ 9, 1, 64, ..., 49, 9, 64],
...,
[ 64, 16, 100, ..., 25, 16, 16],
[ 36, 36, 9, ..., 49, 4, 81],
[ 4, 100, 100, ..., 25, 49, 16]])
我得到每个元素的平方并且不是矩阵 * 矩阵 我做了什么不同?
请您参考如下方法:
您似乎使用 matrix 类型创建了 A,而 B 是 ndarray 类型( np.random.random_integers 返回一个数组,而不是矩阵)。运算符 * 对前者执行矩阵乘法,对后者执行逐元素乘法。
来自documentation np.matrix 的:
A matrix is a specialized 2-D array that retains its 2-D nature through operations. It has certain special operators, such as * (matrix multiplication) and ** (matrix power).
顺便说一句,如果您在同一操作中使用两种不同的类型,NumPy 将使用属于具有最高优先级的元素的运算符:
>>> A = np.matrix('1 2 3;3 4 7;8 9 6')
>>> B = np.array(A) # B is of array type, A is of matrix type
>>> A * B
matrix([[ 31, 37, 35],
[ 71, 85, 79],
[ 83, 106, 123]])
>>> B * A
matrix([[ 31, 37, 35],
[ 71, 85, 79],
[ 83, 106, 123]])
>>> A.__array_priority__
10.0
>>> B.__array_priority__
0.0
