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Python XML 解析器

2025年05月04日14dflying

我有一个复杂的 XML 需要解析。我知道如何解析一些重要的标签。

XML 数据

<staff gid="2027930674"> 
    <task>Director</task> 
    <person id="103045">Yōjirō Arai</person> 
</staff>

XML 完整数据

<ann> 
<anime id="16989" gid="1524403706" type="movie" name="Taifū no Noruda" precision="movie" generated-on="2015-04-27T08:05:39Z"> 
<info gid="1917137337" type="Picture" src="http://cdn.animenewsnetwork.com/thumbnails/fit200x200/encyc/A16989-1917137337.1429892764.jpg" width="141" height="200"> 
<img src="http://cdn.animenewsnetwork.com/thumbnails/hotlink-fit200x200/encyc/A16989-1917137337.1429892764.jpg" width="141" height="200"/> 
<img src="http://cdn.animenewsnetwork.com/thumbnails/hotlink-max500x600/encyc/A16989-1917137337.1429892764.jpg" width="353" height="500"/> 
</info> 
<info gid="1994323462" type="Main title" lang="JA">Taifū no Noruda</info> 
<info gid="1715491679" type="Alternative title" lang="JA">台風のノルダ</info> 
<info gid="898837990" type="Plot Summary"> 
On a certain isolated island, at a certain middle school, on the eve of the culture festival, Shūichi Azuma quits baseball after playing his whole life. He has a fight with his best friend Kenta Saijō. Then they suddenly meet a mysterious, red-eyed girl named Noruda, and a huge typhoon hits the middle school. 
</info> 
<info type="Vintage">2015-06-05</info> 
<info gid="2492283870" type="Premiere date">2015-06-05 (Japan)</info> 
<info gid="2453949568" type="Ending Theme"> 
"Arashi no Ato de" (嵐のあとで; After the Storm) by Galileo Galilei 
</info> 
<info gid="3199882585" type="Official website" lang="JA" href="http://typhoon-noruda.com/">「台風のノルダ」公式サイト</info> 
<news datetime="2015-04-09T17:20:00Z" href="http://www.animenewsnetwork.com:/news/2015-04-09/studio-colorido-unveils-typhoon-noruda-anime-film/.86937"> 
Studio Colorido Unveils <cite>Typhoon Noruda</cite> Anime Film 
</news> 
<news datetime="2015-04-24T08:00:00Z" href="http://www.animenewsnetwork.com:/news/2015-04-24/studio-colorido-taifu-no-noruda-film-unveils-cast-more-staff-theme-song-band/.87470"> 
Studio Colorido's <i>Taifū no Noruda</i> Film Unveils Cast, More Staff, Theme Song Band 
</news> 
<staff gid="2027930674"> 
<task>Director</task> 
<person id="103045">Yōjirō Arai</person> 
</staff> 
<staff gid="3870106504"> 
<task>Music</task> 
<person id="110581">Masashi Hamauzu</person> 
</staff> 
<staff gid="2732633345"> 
<task>Character Design</task> 
<person id="135767">Hiroyasu Ishida</person> 
</staff> 
<staff gid="1532205853"> 
<task>Art Director</task> 
<person id="52564">Mika Nishimura</person> 
</staff> 
<staff gid="1006708772"> 
<task>Animation Director</task> 
<person id="135767">Hiroyasu Ishida</person> 
</staff> 
<staff gid="934584477"> 
<task>Sound Director</task> 
<person id="8849">Satoshi Motoyama</person> 
</staff> 
<staff gid="1138447906"> 
<task>Cgi Director</task> 
<person id="42135">Norihiko Miyoshi</person> 
</staff> 
<staff gid="3178797981"> 
<task>Director of Photography</task> 
<person id="24382">Mitsuhiro Sato</person> 
</staff> 
<cast gid="2645091588" lang="JA"> 
<role>Shūichi Azuma</role> 
<person id="135769">Shūhei Nomura</person> 
</cast> 
<cast gid="2397297323" lang="JA"> 
<role>Kenta Saijō</role> 
<person id="135770">Daichi Kaneko</person> 
</cast> 
<cast gid="2417172290" lang="JA"> 
<role>Noruda</role> 
<person id="135771">Kaya Kiyohara</person> 
</cast> 
<credit gid="2574178211"> 
<task>Animation Production</task> 
<company id="13518">Studio Colorido</company> 
</credit> 
</anime> 
</ann>

Python代码

#! /usr/bin/Python 
 
# Import xml parser. 
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ElementTree 
 
# Import url library. 
from urllib.request import urlopen 
 
# Import sys library. 
import sys 
 
# XML to parse. 
sampleUrl = "http://cdn.animenewsnetwork.com/encyclopedia/api.xml?anime=" 
 
# Get the number of params we have in our application. 
params = len (sys.argv) 
 
# Check the number of params we have. 
if (params == 1): 
    print ("We need at least 1 anime identifier.") 
else: 
    for aid in range (1, params): 
        # Read the xml as a file. 
        content = urlopen (sampleUrl + sys.argv[aid]) 
 
        # XML content is stored here to start working on it. 
        xmlData = content.readall().decode('utf-8') 
 
        # Close the file. 
        content.close() 
 
        # Start parsing XML. 
        root = ElementTree.fromstring (xmlData) 
 
        # Extract classic data. 
        for info in root.iter("anime"): 
            print ("Id: " + info.get("id")) 
            print ("Gid: " + info.get("gid")) 
            print ("Name: " + info.get("name")) 
            print ("Precision: " + info.get("precision")) 
            print ("Type: " + info.get("type")) 
 
        # Extract date and general poster. 
        for info in root.iter ("info"): 
            if ("Vintage" in info.get("type")): 
                print ("Date: " + info.text) 
 
            if ("Picture" in info.get("type")): 
                print ("Poster: " + info.get("src")) 
 
        # Extract aditional posters. 
        for img in root.iter ("img"): 
            print ("Poster: " + img.get("src")) 
 
        print ("") 
 
        # Extract all the staff of this anime. 
        result = {} 
        for staff in root.getiterator ("staff"): 
            # Initialize values. 
            task = "" 
            value = {} 
 
            for elem in staff.getchildren(): 
                if elem.tag == "task" : 
                    task = elem.text 
                elif elem.tag == "person" : 
                    tmp = elem.text 
 
                    if "id" in tmp: 
                        value["id"] = tmp["id"] 
                    value["name"] = elem.text 
            if task : 
                result[task] = value 
        print (result)

我正在使用 xml.etree.ElementTree 来解析整个 XML。但是我无法将此部分作为一个元素来解析。我需要将所有数据作为一个字段存储在另一个数据库中。

我需要所有这些数据来实现这一点。

示例:{ "Director": {"Name": "Yojiro Arai", "id": "103045} }

我不知道如何使用库 ElementTree

感谢您的帮助。

请您参考如下方法:

  1. 通过 xml.etree.ElementTree 模块解析输入的 XML。
  2. 通过 getiterator 从解析器对象中迭代每个 staff 标签。
  3. 通过 getchildren() 迭代 staff 标签的每个子元素。
  4. 创建词典。

演示:

import xml.etree.ElementTree as PARSER 
 
data = """ 
<xml> 
    <staff gid="2027930674"> 
        <task>Director</task> 
        <person id="103045">ABC</person> 
    </staff> 
    <staff gid="2027930674"> 
        <task>Director1</task> 
        <person id="1030452">XYZ</person> 
    </staff> 
</xml>     
    """ 
 
root = PARSER.fromstring(data) 
result = {} 
for i in root.getiterator("staff"): 
    key = "" 
    value = {} 
    for j in i.getchildren(): 
        if j.tag=="task": 
            key = j.text 
        elif j.tag=="person": 
            tmp = j.attrib 
            if "id" in tmp: 
                value["id"] = tmp["id"] 
            value["name"] = j.text 
 
    if key: 
        result[key] = value 
 
print result

输出:

{'Director': {'id': '103045', 'name': 'ABC'}, 'Director1': {'id': '1030452', 'name': 'XYZ'}}


  文章来源：
  https://blog.windname.com/post/adbbgh2b1.html
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