python 3 无法将字节连接到列表的 str

我正在尝试运行以下代码块

import json 
import textProcess as tp 
 
review = open('../inres_review.json') 
vocabulary = open('../vocabulary.txt','w+') 
label = open('../label.txt','w+') 
data = open('../data.txt','w+') 
 
voc = [] 
revs = [] 
lab = [] 
dat = [] 
i=1 
for line in review: 
    jre = json.loads(line) 
    jstar = jre['stars']   
    text = jre['text']   
    lab.append(jstar) 
    ws = tp.removeStopPunc(text) 
    revs.append(ws) 
    voc += ws 
    i += 1 
 
for i in lab: 
    label.write(str(i)+"\n") 
print ("label created successfully!") 
 
voc = list(set(voc)) 
print (len(voc)) 
print (type(i)) 
for i in voc: 
    vocabulary.write(i.encode('UTF-8')+"\n") 
print ("Vocabulary created successfully!") 
 
for revid, rev in enumerate(revs): 
    dat.append({}) 
    for w in rev: 
        if w in voca: 
            k = voca.index(w)+1 
            if k not in dat[revid]: 
                dat[revid][k] = 1 
            else: 
                dat[revid][k] += 1 
print (len(revs)) 
 
 
for revid, rev in enumerate(dat): 
    for k,v in rev.iteritems(): 
        s = str(revid+1)+' '+str(k)+' '+str(v)+'\n' 
        data.write(s) 
print ("successfully create data") 
 
 
review.close() 
vocabulary.close() 
label.close() 
data.close() 

但是，无论我实现什么更改，我都会收到以下错误。任何人都可以指出这里有什么问题吗？

TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last) 
<ipython-input-18-21a3dc9eb8ad> in <module>() 
     33 print (type(i)) 
     34 for i in bvoca: 
---> 35         vocabulary.write(i.encode('UTF-8')+"\n") 
     36 print ("successfully create vocabulary!") 
     37  
 
TypeError: can't concat bytes to str 

感谢任何帮助!

请您参考如下方法:

encode 返回bytes，因此您还需要将'\n' 转换为bytes:

i.encode('UTF-8') + b"\n"