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python之“元组”对象没有属性 'startswith'

2025年05月04日21lyj

我正在开发一个旧的开源应用程序，每次尝试添加新的发票实例时，我都会收到以下错误:

AttributeError at /admin/invoices/invoiceheaders/add/ 'tuple' object has no attribute 'startswith'

我正在使用两 (2) 个模块:views.py 和 models.py:

views.py

@login_required 
def new(request): 
    error = '' 
    if request.method == 'POST': 
        itemFound = False 
        for id in range(1, int(request.POST['numberitem']) + 1): 
            if request.POST.get('Item_%s' %id): 
                itemFound = True 
                break 
        if itemFound: 
            user = User.objects.get(id = request.user.id) 
            issuer =  Contacts.objects.get(id = int(request.POST['Issuer']) ) 
        customer = Contacts.objects.get(id = int(request.POST['Custumer']) ) 
        payterm = Payterms.objects.get(id = int(request.POST['Payterm']) ) 
        ihd = InvoiceHeaders() 
        ihd.user = user 
        ihd.issuer = issuer 
        ihd.payterm = payterm 
        ihd.customer = customer 
        ihd.status = 'D' 
        ihd.findrandomnumber=sha224( "%f"%(time()) ).hexdigest() 
 
        ihd.save() 
 
        for id in range(1, int(request.POST['numberitem']) + 1): 
            if request.POST.get('Item_%s' %id): 
                ibd = InvoiceBodies() 
                ibd.header = ihd 
                ibd.quantity = float(request.POST['Item_qta_%s' %id].replace(',','.')) 
                items = Items.objects.get(id = int(request.POST['Item_%s' %id]) ) 
                ibd.item = items 
                ibd.extraDescription = request.POST['Item_descr_%s' %id].strip() 
                ibd.save() 
        return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse_lazy('invoices:index')) 
    else: 
        error = _('Item is obbligatory') 
 
form = formInvoice(uid=request.user.id) # An unbound form 
custumer_selected = 3 
return render(request, 'invoices/new2.html' , 
                        {'form': form, 
                         'custumer_selected' : custumer_selected , 
                         'error' : error, })

模型.py

def content_file_name(instance, filename): 
    return '/'.join([MEDIA_URL_USER_DOCS, '1' , filename]) 
 
class InvoiceHeaders(models.Model): 
    issuer = models.ForeignKey(Contacts, related_name='invoices_issuer', limit_choices_to={"tp_contacts":"P", }) 
    customer = models.ForeignKey(Contacts, related_name='invoices_custumer', limit_choices_to={"tp_contacts":"C", }) 
    payterm = models.ForeignKey(Payterms, related_name='invoices_payterm') 
    user = models.ForeignKey(User) 
    pdf = models.FileField(upload_to=content_file_name) 
    findrandomnumber = models.CharField(unique=True,max_length=56) 
 
    number = models.PositiveIntegerField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name = _("Number issue")) 
    yearissue = models.PositiveIntegerField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name = _("Year issue")) 
    dateissue = models.DateField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name = _("Date issue")) 
    status = models.CharField(max_length=1, choices=INVOICE_STATUS, verbose_name=_("status")) 
 
    issuer_name = models.CharField(max_length = 80, verbose_name = _("My Name")) 
    issuer_surname = models.CharField(max_length = 80, verbose_name = _("My Surname")) 
    issuer_address = models.CharField(max_length = 80, verbose_name = _("My Address")) 
    issuer_zipcode = models.CharField(max_length = 10, verbose_name = _("My Zip Code")) 
    issuer_town = models.CharField(max_length = 50, verbose_name = _("My Town")) 
    issuer_province = models.CharField(max_length = 2, verbose_name = _("My Province")) 
    issuer_vatnumber = models.CharField(max_length = 11, verbose_name  =     _("My VAT number")) 
 
    customer_name = models.CharField(max_length = 80, verbose_name = _("Customer Name")) 
    customer_surname = models.CharField(max_length = 80, verbose_name = _("Customer Surname")) 
    customer_address = models.CharField(max_length = 80, verbose_name = _("Customer Address")) 
    customer_zipcode = models.CharField(max_length = 10, verbose_name = _("Customer Zip Code")) 
    customer_town = models.CharField(max_length = 50, verbose_name = _("Customer Town")) 
    customer_province = models.CharField(max_length = 2, verbose_name = _("Customer Province")) 
    customer_vatnumber = models.CharField(null=True,  blank=True,  max_length = 11, verbose_name = _("Customer VAT number")) 
 
    pay_term01 = models.CharField(null=True, blank=True, max_length =  80, verbose_name = _("Payterm 1")) 
    pay_term02 = models.CharField(null=True, blank=True, max_length = 80, verbose_name = _("Payterm 2")) 
    pay_term03 = models.CharField(null=True, blank=True, max_length = 80, verbose_name = _("Payterm 3")) 
 
 
    def __unicode__(self): 
        return u"%s - %s, %s" %(self.number, self.dateissue, self.customer_name) 
 
    class Meta: 
        verbose_name_plural = _('Invoice Headers') 
        verbose_name  = _('Invoice Header') 
        unique_together = (('number', 'yearissue', 'user'),) 
 
 
 
    def nextnumber(self, uid = None, year = None): 
        return self.maxnumber(uid = uid, year = year) + 1 
 
    def maxnumber(self, uid = None, year = None): 
        if uid == None: 
            return -1 
        if year == None: 
               year = datetime.now().year 
        maxnum = InvoiceHeaders.objects.filter(user =  
uid).filter(dateissue__year = year).aggregate(Max('number')) 
        num = maxnum['number__max'] 
        if num: 
            return num 
        else: 
            return 0 
 
    def save(self, number=None, dateissue=None): 
        #force = False 
        if self.status == 'I' and self.dateissue == None: 
            if dateissue == None: 
                self.dateissue = datetime.today() 
                self.yearissue = datetime.today().year 
            else: 
                self.dateissue = dateissue 
                self.yearissue = dateissue[0:4] 
            if number == None: 
                self.number = self.nextnumber(uid = self.user, year = self.dateissue.year ) 
            else: 
                self.number = number 
 
 
        self.issuer_name = self.issuer.name 
        self.issuer_surname = self.issuer.surname 
        self.issuer_address = self.issuer.address 
        self.issuer_zipcode = self.issuer.zipcode 
        self.issuer_town = self.issuer.town 
        self.issuer_province = self.issuer.province 
        self.issuer_vatnumber = self.issuer.vatnumber 
 
    self.customer_name = self.customer.name 
    self.customer_surname = self.customer.surname 
    self.customer_address = self.customer.address 
    self.customer_zipcode = self.customer.zipcode 
    self.customer_town = self.customer.town 
    self.customer_province = self.customer.province 
    self.customer_vatnumber = self.customer.vatnumber 
 
    self.pay_term01 = self.payterm.description1 
    self.pay_term02 = self.payterm.description2 
    self.pay_term03 = self.payterm.description3 
 
    super(InvoiceHeaders, self).save()

坐席.py

import os   
 
from os.path import abspath, basename, dirname, join, normpath 
 
# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR,  
...) 
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))) 
 
import socket 
 
import sys 
 
PROJECT_PATH = os.path.realpath(os.path.dirname(__file__)) 
 
if socket.gethostname() == 'localhost': 
    DEBUG = False 
else: 
    DEBUG = True 
 
 
ALLOWED_HOSTS = [] 
 
ROOT_URLCONF = 'urls' 
 
DATETIME_FORMAT= "j N Y P" 
DATE_FORMAT= "j N Y P" 
 
#email info 
EMAIL_USE_TLS = True 
EMAIL_HOST = '***********' 
EMAIL_HOST_USER = 'lablinux At gmail dOt com' 
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = '****' 
EMAIL_PORT = 587 
 
ADMINS = ( 
('Michele', 'lablinux@gmail.com'), 
) 
 
MANAGERS = ADMINS 
 
 
 
DATABASES = { 
'default': { 
    'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3', 
    'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'), 
    } 
} 
 
 
 
TIME_ZONE = 'Europe/Rome' 
 
# Language code for this installation. All choices can be found here: 
# http://www.i18nguy.com/unicode/language-identifiers.html 
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'it-IT' 
 
SITE_ID = 1 
 
# If you set this to False, Django will make some optimizations so as  
not 
# to load the internationalization machinery. 
USE_I18N = True 
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'it' 
LANGUAGES = ( 
            ('it',  'Italiano'), 
            ('en',  'English'), 
) 
 
# Absolute path to the directory that holds media. 
# Example: "/home/media/media.lawrence.com/" 
#MEDIA_ROOT = '' 
#MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(PROJECT_PATH, 'media') 
MEDIA_ROOT = '%s/media' %PROJECT_PATH, 
MEDIA_URL_USER_DOCS = '%s/userdocs' %MEDIA_ROOT 
 
 
 
MEDIA_URL = '/media/' 
 
LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL = '/' 
 
# URL prefix for admin media -- CSS, JavaScript and images. Make sure  
to  
use a 
# trailing slash. 
# Examples: "http://foo.com/media/", "/media/". 
ADMIN_MEDIA_PREFIX = '/djangomedia/' 
 
# Make this unique, and don't share it with anybody. 
SECRET_KEY = 'a4vy20$loa80-k3z7s!n#zt8*dgqvc)4j-yy$sox)aqm3m@gbk' 
 
 
 
MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = ( 
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', 
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', 
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', 
'django.middleware.locale.LocaleMiddleware', 
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', 
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware', 
 
) 
 
 
INTERNAL_IPS = ( 
    '127.0.0.1', 
) 
 
 
 
 
TEMPLATES = [   
    { 
    'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates', 
    'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'templates')], 
    #'APP_DIRS': True, 
    'OPTIONS': { 
        'debug': DEBUG, 
 
        'context_processors': [ 
            'django.template.context_processors.debug', 
            'django.template.context_processors.request', 
            'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth', 
            'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages', 
            'django.template.context_processors.i18n', 
        ], 
        'loaders': [ 
             'django.template.loaders.filesystem.Loader', 
             'django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader', 
              ] 
        }, 
    }, 
] 
 
INSTALLED_APPS = [ 
    'django.contrib.auth', 
    'django.contrib.contenttypes', 
    'django.contrib.sessions', 
    'django.contrib.sites', 
    'django.contrib.admin', 
    'django.contrib.admindocs', 
    'django.contrib.staticfiles', 
    'bootstrap3', 
    'contacts', 
    'payterms', 
    'items', 
    'invoices', 
    'fees', 
    'home', 
    'profiles', 
 ] 
 
DATE_FORMAT = "j F Y" 
 
 
AUTH_PROFILE_MODULE = 'profiles.ProfileUser' 
 
STATIC_URL = '/static/' 
 
STATICFILES_DIRS = [ 
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static") 
 
    ] 
 
STATIC_ROOT =  os.path.join(os.path.dirname(BASE_DIR), "static_cdn")

请您参考如下方法:

MEDIA_ROOT应该是字符串，您正在创建一个元组。

You are adding a ', 'comma, remove it to solve the issue. It is creating a tupple, we need a String.

在 settings.py 中

MEDIA_ROOT = '%s/media' %PROJECT_PATH, 将此更改为 MEDIA_ROOT = '%s/media' %PROJECT_PATH 它将解决问题。


  文章来源：
  https://blog.windname.com/post/adhjcj2b1.html
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