我正在尝试用 python 编写一个函数来打开文件并将其解析为字典。我正在尝试使列表 block 中的第一项成为字典 data 中每个项目的键。然后每个项目都应该是列表的其余部分 block 减去第一个项目。但出于某种原因，当我运行以下函数时，它会错误地解析它。我在下面提供了输出。我怎样才能像上面所说的那样解析它？任何帮助将不胜感激。
功能:
def parseData() :
filename="testdata.txt"
file=open(filename,"r+")
block=[]
for line in file:
block.append(line)
if line in ('\n', '\r\n'):
album=block.pop(1)
data[block[1]]=album
block=[]
print data
输入:
Bob Dylan
1966 Blonde on Blonde
-Rainy Day Women #12 & 35
-Pledging My Time
-Visions of Johanna
-One of Us Must Know (Sooner or Later)
-I Want You
-Stuck Inside of Mobile with the Memphis Blues Again
-Leopard-Skin Pill-Box Hat
-Just Like a Woman
-Most Likely You Go Your Way (And I'll Go Mine)
-Temporary Like Achilles
-Absolutely Sweet Marie
-4th Time Around
-Obviously 5 Believers
-Sad Eyed Lady of the Lowlands
输出:
{'-Rainy Day Women #12 & 35\n': '1966 Blonde on Blonde\n',
'-Whole Lotta Love\n': '1969 II\n', '-In the Evening\n': '1979 In Through the Outdoor\n'}
请您参考如下方法:
您可以使用 groupby 使用空行作为分隔符对数据进行分组，使用 defaultdict 重复键扩展从 groupby 返回的每个 val 的其余值提取键/第一个元素后。
from itertools import groupby
from collections import defaultdict
d = defaultdict(list)
with open("file.txt") as f:
for k, val in groupby(f, lambda x: x.strip() != ""):
# if k is True we have a section
if k:
# get key "k" which is the first line
# from each section, val will be the remaining lines
k,*v = val
# add or add to the existing key/value pairing
d[k].extend(map(str.rstrip,v))
from pprint import pprint as pp
pp(d)
输出:
{'Bob Dylan\n': ['1966 Blonde on Blonde',
'-Rainy Day Women #12 & 35',
'-Pledging My Time',
'-Visions of Johanna',
'-One of Us Must Know (Sooner or Later)',
'-I Want You',
'-Stuck Inside of Mobile with the Memphis Blues Again',
'-Leopard-Skin Pill-Box Hat',
'-Just Like a Woman',
"-Most Likely You Go Your Way (And I'll Go Mine)",
'-Temporary Like Achilles',
'-Absolutely Sweet Marie',
'-4th Time Around',
'-Obviously 5 Believers',
'-Sad Eyed Lady of the Lowlands'],
'Led Zeppelin\n': ['1979 In Through the Outdoor',
'-In the Evening',
'-South Bound Saurez',
'-Fool in the Rain',
'-Hot Dog',
'-Carouselambra',
'-All My Love',
"-I'm Gonna Crawl",
'1969 II',
'-Whole Lotta Love',
'-What Is and What Should Never Be',
'-The Lemon Song',
'-Thank You',
'-Heartbreaker',
"-Living Loving Maid (She's Just a Woman)",
'-Ramble On',
'-Moby Dick',
'-Bring It on Home']}
对于 python2，解压语法略有不同:
with open("file.txt") as f:
for k, val in groupby(f, lambda x: x.strip() != ""):
if k:
k, v = next(val), val
d[k].extend(map(str.rstrip, v))
如果你想保留换行符，请移除 map(str.rstrip..
如果您想要为每个艺术家分别制作专辑和歌曲:
from itertools import groupby
from collections import defaultdict
d = defaultdict(lambda: defaultdict(list))
with open("file.txt") as f:
for k, val in groupby(f, lambda x: x.strip() != ""):
if k:
k, alb, songs = next(val),next(val), val
d[k.rstrip()][alb.rstrip()] = list(map(str.rstrip, songs))
from pprint import pprint as pp
pp(d)
{'Bob Dylan': {'1966 Blonde on Blonde': ['-Rainy Day Women #12 & 35',
'-Pledging My Time',
'-Visions of Johanna',
'-One of Us Must Know (Sooner or '
'Later)',
'-I Want You',
'-Stuck Inside of Mobile with the '
'Memphis Blues Again',
'-Leopard-Skin Pill-Box Hat',
'-Just Like a Woman',
'-Most Likely You Go Your Way '
"(And I'll Go Mine)",
'-Temporary Like Achilles',
'-Absolutely Sweet Marie',
'-4th Time Around',
'-Obviously 5 Believers',
'-Sad Eyed Lady of the Lowlands']},
'Led Zeppelin': {'1969 II': ['-Whole Lotta Love',
'-What Is and What Should Never Be',
'-The Lemon Song',
'-Thank You',
'-Heartbreaker',
"-Living Loving Maid (She's Just a Woman)",
'-Ramble On',
'-Moby Dick',
'-Bring It on Home'],
'1979 In Through the Outdoor': ['-In the Evening',
'-South Bound Saurez',
'-Fool in the Rain',
'-Hot Dog',
'-Carouselambra',
'-All My Love',
"-I'm Gonna Crawl"]}}
