python之自定义格式的 Django 表单错误出现两次

我正在 Django 中构建一个非常简单的表单，并希望在 Bootstrap 警报标记中显示表单错误。我知道该怎么做(例如 Django docs 或 Django Forms: if not valid, show form with error message 或 How to render Django form errors not in a UL? )。但是，当我这样做时，我看到错误出现了两次。似乎 Django 的 {{ form }} 元素在模板中默认显示 ul 标签中的错误，除了我自定义格式的错误。

避免这种重复的最佳方法是什么？

在 template.html 中:

<!--Load the file search form from the view--> 
<form action="" method="post" id="homepage_filesearch"> 
    <!--Show any errors from a previous form submission--> 
    {% if form.errors %} 
        {% for field in form %} 
            {% for error in field.errors %} 
                <div class="alert alert-danger"> 
                    <strong>{{ error|escape }}</strong> 
                </div> 
            {% endfor %} 
        {% endfor %} 
    {% endif %} 
 
    {{ csrf_input }} 
    {{ form }} 
    <button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Search</span></button> 
</form> 

在 views.py 中:

from .forms import FileSearchForm 
def view(request): 
    # Create a form instance and populate it with data from the request 
    form = FileSearchForm(request.POST or None) 
 
    # If this is a POST request, we need to process the form data 
    if request.method == 'POST': 
        if form.is_valid(): 
            return form.redirect_to_files() 
 
    template = 'template.html' 
    context = {'form': form} 
 
    return render(request, template, context) 

在 forms.py 中:

class FileSearchForm(forms.Form): 
    # Define search field 
    search = forms.CharField(label='', max_length=500, required=True, 
                             empty_value='Search') 
 
    def clean_search(self): 
        # Get the cleaned search data 
        search = self.cleaned_data['search'] 
 
        # Make sure the search is either a proposal or fileroot 
        if some_error_case: 
            raise forms.ValidationError('Invalid search term {}. Please provide proposal number or file root.'.format(search)) 

无效搜索后的结果:

请您参考如下方法:

默认情况下，form 在顶部呈现非字段错误。你可以在django source code看到它:

def _html_output(self, normal_row, error_row,  
                       row_ender, help_text_html, errors_on_separate_row): 
    "Output HTML. Used by as_table(), as_ul(), as_p()." 
    # Errors that should be displayed above all fields. 
    top_errors = self.non_field_errors()   

你应该详细说明你的模板以避免重复的错误信息，可能像Looping over the form’s fields文档示例:

{{ csrf_input }} 
{% for field in form %} 
    <div class="fieldWrapper"> 
        {{ field.errors }}   #<-- IDK if you want to render field errors. 
        {{ field.label_tag }} {{ field }} 
        {% if field.help_text %} 
        <p class="help">{{ field.help_text|safe }}</p> 
        {% endif %} 
    </div> 
{% endfor %} 

( 而不仅仅是 {{ form }}