我已成功使用 Photologue 来展示 galleries of regularly-created data plot images .当然，既然已经建立了能力，就会创建大量的数据图，并且需要共享它们!
下一步是使用 Django shell 中的 manage.py 编写上传图像并将它们添加到图库的过程脚本；然而，作为 Django 的业余爱好者，我遇到了一些困难。
这是我目前开发的自定义命令addphoto.py:
from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand, CommandError
from django.utils import timezone
from photologue.models import Photo, Gallery
import os
from datetime import datetime
import pytz
class Command(BaseCommand):
help = 'Adds a photo to Photologue.'
def add_arguments(self, parser):
parser.add_argument('imagefile', type=str)
parser.add_argument('--title', type=str)
parser.add_argument('--date_added', type=str, help="datetime string in 'YYYY-mm-dd HH:MM:SS' format [UTC]")
parser.add_argument('--gallery', type=str)
def handle(self, *args, **options):
imagefile = options['imagefile']
if options['title']:
title = options['title']
else:
base = os.path.basename(imagefile)
title = os.path.splitext(base)[0]
if options['date_added']:
date_added = datetime.strptime(options['date_added'],'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S').replace(tzinfo=pytz.UTC)
else:
date_added = timezone.now()
p = Photo(image=imagefile, title=title, date_added=date_added)
p.save()
不幸的是，当使用 --traceback 执行时，会产生以下结果:
./manage.py addphoto '../dataplots/monitoring/test.png' --traceback
Failed to read EXIF DateTimeOriginal
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/user/mysite/photologue/models.py", line 494, in save
exif_date = self.EXIF(self.image.file).get('EXIF DateTimeOriginal', None)
File "/home/user/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/files.py", line 51, in _get_file
self._file = self.storage.open(self.name, 'rb')
File "/home/user/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/files/storage.py", line 38, in open
return self._open(name, mode)
File "/home/user/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/files/storage.py", line 300, in _open
return File(open(self.path(name), mode))
File "/home/user/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/files/storage.py", line 405, in path
return safe_join(self.location, name)
File "/home/user/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/_os.py", line 78, in safe_join
'component ({})'.format(final_path, base_path))
django.core.exceptions.SuspiciousFileOperation: The joined path (/home/user/mysite/dataplots/monitoring/test.png) is located outside of the base path component (/home/user/mysite/media)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "./manage.py", line 22, in <module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/home/user/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 363, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/home/user/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 355, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/home/user/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 283, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "/home/user/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 330, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "/home/user/mysite/photologue/management/commands/addphoto.py", line 36, in handle
p.save()
File "/home/user/mysite/photologue/models.py", line 553, in save
super(Photo, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
File "/home/user/mysite/photologue/models.py", line 504, in save
self.pre_cache()
File "/home/user/mysite/photologue/models.py", line 472, in pre_cache
self.create_size(photosize)
File "/home/user/mysite/photologue/models.py", line 411, in create_size
if self.size_exists(photosize):
File "/home/user/mysite/photologue/models.py", line 364, in size_exists
if self.image.storage.exists(func()):
File "/home/user/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/files/storage.py", line 392, in exists
return os.path.exists(self.path(name))
File "/home/user/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/files/storage.py", line 405, in path
return safe_join(self.location, name)
File "/home/user/mysite/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/_os.py", line 78, in safe_join
'component ({})'.format(final_path, base_path))
django.core.exceptions.SuspiciousFileOperation: The joined path (/home/user/mysite/dataplots/monitoring/cache/test_thumbnail.png) is located outside of the base path component (/home/user/mysite/media)
显然，图像文件的副本没有放在 media/ 目录中。此外，当 image、title 和 date_added 列填充到网站数据库的 photologue_photos 表中时， slug 列不是。
如何将文件上传到MEDIA_ROOT目录？
以下是 Photologue models.py 文件中的 Photo 和 ImageModel 模型的相关片段，供引用:
class Photo(ImageModel):
title = models.CharField(_('title'),
max_length=250,
unique=True)
slug = models.SlugField(_('slug'),
unique=True,
max_length=250,
help_text=_('A "slug" is a unique URL-friendly title for an object.'))
caption = models.TextField(_('caption'),
blank=True)
date_added = models.DateTimeField(_('date added'),
default=now)
is_public = models.BooleanField(_('is public'),
default=True,
help_text=_('Public photographs will be displayed in the default views.'))
sites = models.ManyToManyField(Site, verbose_name=_(u'sites'),
blank=True)
objects = PhotoQuerySet.as_manager()
def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
if self.slug is None:
self.slug = slugify(self.title)
super(Photo, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
class ImageModel(models.Model):
image = models.ImageField(_('image'),
max_length=IMAGE_FIELD_MAX_LENGTH,
upload_to=get_storage_path)
date_taken = models.DateTimeField(_('date taken'),
null=True,
blank=True,
help_text=_('Date image was taken; is obtained from the image EXIF data.'))
view_count = models.PositiveIntegerField(_('view count'),
default=0,
editable=False)
crop_from = models.CharField(_('crop from'),
blank=True,
max_length=10,
default='center',
choices=CROP_ANCHOR_CHOICES)
effect = models.ForeignKey('photologue.PhotoEffect',
null=True,
blank=True,
related_name="%(class)s_related",
verbose_name=_('effect'))
class Meta:
abstract = True
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super(ImageModel, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
self._old_image = self.image
def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
image_has_changed = False
if self._get_pk_val() and (self._old_image != self.image):
image_has_changed = True
# If we have changed the image, we need to clear from the cache all instances of the old
# image; clear_cache() works on the current (new) image, and in turn calls several other methods.
# Changing them all to act on the old image was a lot of changes, so instead we temporarily swap old
# and new images.
new_image = self.image
self.image = self._old_image
self.clear_cache()
self.image = new_image # Back to the new image.
self._old_image.storage.delete(self._old_image.name) # Delete (old) base image.
if self.date_taken is None or image_has_changed:
# Attempt to get the date the photo was taken from the EXIF data.
try:
exif_date = self.EXIF(self.image.file).get('EXIF DateTimeOriginal', None)
if exif_date is not None:
d, t = exif_date.values.split()
year, month, day = d.split(':')
hour, minute, second = t.split(':')
self.date_taken = datetime(int(year), int(month), int(day),
int(hour), int(minute), int(second))
except:
logger.error('Failed to read EXIF DateTimeOriginal', exc_info=True)
super(ImageModel, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
self.pre_cache()
这是请求的 get_storage_path 函数:
# Look for user function to define file paths
PHOTOLOGUE_PATH = getattr(settings, 'PHOTOLOGUE_PATH', None)
if PHOTOLOGUE_PATH is not None:
if callable(PHOTOLOGUE_PATH):
get_storage_path = PHOTOLOGUE_PATH
else:
parts = PHOTOLOGUE_PATH.split('.')
module_name = '.'.join(parts[:-1])
module = import_module(module_name)
get_storage_path = getattr(module, parts[-1])
else:
def get_storage_path(instance, filename):
fn = unicodedata.normalize('NFKD', force_text(filename)).encode('ascii', 'ignore').decode('ascii')
return os.path.join(PHOTOLOGUE_DIR, 'photos', fn)
请您参考如下方法:
关于您问题的一部分:slug 列在保存 Photo 时为空。
它应该在保存照片时自动填充-作为上面Photologue源代码的复制和粘贴if self.slug is None : self.slug = slugify(self.title) 清楚了。
这表明 Photologue 源代码实际上不是从您的管理命令中调用 - 您可以通过向 Photologue 代码的本地副本添加一些快速调试代码来检查这一点，例如save() 方法中的 print() 语句，并检查它是否正在运行。
